REFORMING THE AUTHORITY OF THE REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVE COUNCIL (DPD): FROM SYMBOLIC FUNCTION TO SUBSTANTIAL ROLE
Keywords:
Regional Representative Council (DPD), Institutional reform, Imbalance between DPR and DPD, Representation inequalityAbstract
The Regional Representative Council (DPD) is a representative institution established to embody regional representation within Indonesia’s constitutional system. However, since its mandate in the amended 1945 Constitution, the role of the DPD remains limited in legislation, oversight, and budgeting. These limitations create an imbalance in the bicameral system, which should ideally maintain equilibrium between regional and central interests. One of the main issues is that the DPD’s legislative authority is restricted to proposing and providing considerations without binding power. Furthermore, the DPD’s oversight role over regional policies lacks enforcement power, and its budgetary authority is minimal. Additionally, the representation system of the DPD is debated, as each province has the same number of representatives regardless of population size and territorial area, leading to an imbalance in representation. Moreover, there is an overlap in roles between the DPD and the House of Representatives (DPR) in accommodating regional interests, which raises concerns about the DPD’s effectiveness. Therefore, legal reforms, including revisions to the MD3 Law and amendments to the 1945 Constitution, are necessary to strengthen the DPD’s authority in legislation, oversight, and budgeting. Strengthening the DPD’s role is expected to enhance the effectiveness and democracy of regional representation, supporting regional autonomy and a more inclusive national policy. The authority of Indonesia’s DPD remains limited, particularly in legislation and oversight, making its role often perceived as symbolic. The imbalance with the DPR and the unproportional representation system weaken its effectiveness in advocating for regional interests. Compared to bicameral systems in other countries, the DPD contributes less in legislation and budgeting. Reform is needed to strengthen the representation and authority of the DPD to make it more effective within the national legislative system
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